Hi, this is a software policy, the phone released in 2022, since the start it was known that the last update will be oneui6.1 android 14. Src:
https://m.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_a23-11373.phpAlmost nothing is hardware limitation, as you can see there are phones like a06 with hello g85
https://nanoreview.net/en/soc-compare/qualcomm-snapdragon-680-vs-mediatek-helio-g85And they will get android 18. However no company can support all their models indefinitely, samsung does a good job supporting low, mid & high end devices considering alot of Chinese low/mid range phones barely get 1 year of updates (often not even that)
What you can do in your own case, is.. to either buy a new phone, or check if there is a custom rom for a23. If you follow this path know that banking apps, and HID apps (access cards) won't install or work on your phone.
I hope I helped and apologies for the bad news
Good morning.